I created these videos as resources for my students and participants in some of the professional workshops I deliver, but they can appeal to a wider audience interested in development.

These videos will provide an introduction to the field of social policy, social protection, and selected topics in development.

1. Introduction to Social Policy, Social Protection, and Development: The Big Picture.

This short video presents the justification of government interventions in a very accessible way. You will understand the very basic idea behind social policies.

2. Drivers of Economic Growth: Population and Productivity

A 20-minutes video will make you better understand economic growth. What causes economic growth? this short video will explain it in a very accessible but profound way.

3. The Welfare State: Overview of Approaches

This video introduces the welfare state. it looks at the different forms or approaches of the welfare state and examines the applicability across OCED context.

4. Social Protection: Policy Objectives

This video introduces the main objectives of Social Protection. It links these objectives to international conventions and frameworks including the SDGs, ILO convention 102 (minimum standards), ILO recommendation 202 (social protection floor).

5. Social Protection Design Issues

How to target social protection? This is a hotly debated topic. Despite of the large body of evidence pointing out to the high exclusion error in the exclusively targeting the poor programs (means-testing, PMT), they still appeal to many governments. In these three videos, I will use common sense approach based on my experience across many countries to point out to critically important aspects while designing social protection programs’ eligibility criteria. The second video uses intuitive approach to help understand inclusion and exclusion error. it proposes to control the exclusion error and using the tax system to correct for the inclusion error. The third video highlights the lifecycle approach to targeting as an alternative to the widely used poverty targeting. It proposes a practical approach to achieve progressive realization of ‘no one left behind’ by looking at the underlying causes of poverty without creating disincentive to work.

6. Basic Concepts in Financing Social Protection

This is an introduction to costing social security. A simple equation that relates key concepts in financing social security benefit. This equation can provide an insight on policy options for reforming social security.

7. Social Protection: Extending Coverage

8. Social Protection: Gender Dimension

9. Contributary and Non-contributary Social Protection

These materials are prepared for my students and others who might be interested in learning about actuarial mathematics

1. Course Introduction and Actuarial Mathematics Overview

This video provides an overview for the set of sessions on Actuarial Mathematics. It relates actuarial mathematics to interest theory and probability theory. I also give you few tips on how to best make use of these recorded learning videos and how to be prepared for the course exams.

2. Review: Probability Theory (actuarial math: probability review)

A quick refresher of key concepts in probability theory that are very important to actuarial mathematics, include: discrete random variable, density functions, cumulative functions, common discrete distributions, common continuous distributions, expectation, variance, conditional probability.

3. Review: Interest Theory

A quick refresher of key concepts in probability theory that are very important to actuarial mathematics, include: accumulation, discount rate, force of interest, nominal vs. effective rate, annuities, perpetuities, increasing and decreasing annuities.

4. Continuous Survival Models

  1. Age-at-death random variable, survival functions properties, survival and mortality probabilities.
  2. Force of mortality function and relationship to s(x), f(x), and F(x)
  3. Complete expectation of life, commonly used survival distributions,
  4. Time until death random variable, remaining life time random variable, T(x), fT(t), FT(t), ST(t), qx, px
  5. Mean and variance of T(x), ex.
  6. Deferred mortality n|mqx

5. Life Tables Approach

  1. Discrete distribution, cohort, calculating probabilities using life tables, lx, dx.
  2. Using standard ultimate life table
  3. Interpolation for fractional ages using: 1) UDD assumption 2) constant force of mortality assumption
  4. Select mortality
  5. Curtate future life time
  6. Term expectation of life
  7. Midterm Exam 1: Solutions for the first midterm exam (covers continuous survival models and life table approach)

6. Insurance Benefits

  1. Actuarial Present value, Payment contingent on life, whole life insurance, continuous whole life insurance models.
  2. Term life insurance, Pure Endowment, Endowment insurance, Actuarial discounting factor (nEx).
  3. Deferred insurance (n|Ax), relationships between term, whole life, and deferred insurances.
  4. Insurance benefits when benefits are paid at the end of the year of death, whole life insurance, term insurance, endowment insurance, pure endowment.
  5. Computing insurance benefits using life tables. Relating insurance benefits paid at the end of the year with those are paid at the end of the m-th period under UDD.
  6. Variable insurance benefits when payments are made at moment of death (continuous).
  7. Variable insurance benefits when payments are made at end of year of death (discrete)

7. Life Annuities

  1. Continuous whole life annuity, actuarial present value of life annuity.
  2. Continuous temporary life annuity, deferred life annuity, guaranteed annuity.
  3. Discrete whole life annuities, discrete temporary life annuity, discrete deferred life annuity, discrete guaranteed annuity.
  4. Immediate life annuities, life annuities with mthly payments.
  5. Life annuities using standard lifetable, increasing/decreasing life annuities.
  6. Midterm Exam 2: Solutions for the first midterm exam (Mostly benefit insurance and life annuity).

8. Premium

  1. Equivalence principle, loss random variable, fully continuous premiums, variance of loss random variable.
  2. Continuous premiums and h-payment continuous premiums for other continuous insurance benefits (term, endowment, pure endowment) .
  3. Fully discrete premiums for discrete insurance (whole life, term, endowment, pure endowment), variance of loss at issue random variable. Using life tables to compute level premiums.
  4. Semi-continuous benefit premiums (discrete premiums and insurance benefits paid at time of death).
  5. m-thly benefit premiums (discrete premiums paid at beginning of the mthly period, and insurance benefits paid at time of death or paid end of year of death).
  6. calculating premiums for variable benefits.

9. Benefit Reserves

  1. Benefit reserve continuous case, prospective reserving method, retrospective reserving method.
  2. Benefit reserve discrete case, using life table to find benefit reserve.